Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), specifically the Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) procedure. TURP is a well-established and commonly performed surgical technique to relieve the symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate in men who are not responding well to medication.

During the TURP procedure, a small metal loop, similar to a paper clip, is inserted through the urethra to access the prostate. This loop is connected to a power source, and an electric current passes through it. The current effectively cuts and removes the obstructive tissue in the transition zone of the prostate, which is responsible for squeezing the urethra and causing urinary obstruction.

TURP is considered the standard of care for men with BPH because it is widely available, and most urologists are trained to perform this procedure. However, there are some drawbacks to consider. The procedure can be time-consuming, usually limited to about an hour to prevent fluid absorption and electrolyte imbalances. Additionally, there is typically more bleeding during and after the TURP procedure compared to some newer minimally invasive techniques. Patients undergoing TURP often require hospitalization for a day or two and may need post-operative irrigation to manage bleeding and prevent complications.

One significant consideration for patients is the potential impact on sexual function. Due to the nature of the procedure, there may be some degree of retrograde ejaculation, where semen is redirected into the bladder instead of being expelled during ejaculation. This can affect fertility and may impact sexual satisfaction.

The variability in the amount of tissue removed during TURP can lead to different outcomes for patients. Recurrence rates of BPH symptoms can range from 5% to 10% within the first 10 years after surgery, depending on the surgeon's technique and effectiveness in removing tissue.

As with any medical procedure, it is essential for patients to have a thorough discussion with their urologist about the benefits, risks, and potential side effects of TURP or any alternative treatments. Individual patient factors, preferences, and the severity of BPH symptoms will influence the best treatment approach for each person.